URI - Uniform Resource Identifier

Swift implementation of a URI in accordance with RFC3986.

The implementation hardly tries to be correct and efficient. It uses COW (copy on write) for URI and URI.HTTP similiary to String and Array implementations. A URI and its components are validated on initialization.

Synopsis

var uri: URI = "http://example.com/%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C/%D0%B4%D0%BE/resource?p1=v1&%D0%BF2=%D0%B72"

print(uri.host ?? "nil") // example.com
print(uri.path) // /%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C/%D0%B4%D0%BE/resource

for s in uri.path.segments {
    print(s)
}
// путь
// до
// resource

print(uri.query ?? "nil") // p1=v1&%D0%BF2=%D0%B72

for (name, value) in uri.query?.params ?? [:] {
    print("N: \(name), V: \(value)")
}
// N: p1, V: v1
// N: п2, V: з2

uri.host = "mail.ru"
uri.path.segments.append("child")
uri.query?.params["p3"] = "v3"

print(uri) // http://mail.ru/%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C/%D0%B4%D0%BE/resource/child?p1=v1&%D0%BF2=%D0%B72&p3=v3

Public API

URI

Generic URI implemented in accordance with RFC3986.

struct URI : URIProtocol {
    init(_ uri: String) throws
    init(_ uri: URI.HTTP)
    init(scheme: URIScheme, userinfo: URIUserinfo? = nil, host: URIHost? = nil, port: UInt? = nil, path: URIPath, query: URIQuery? = nil, fragment: URIFragment? = nil) throws
    var scheme: URIScheme { get set }
    var opaque: String { get }
    var authority: String? { get }
    var userinfo: URIUserinfo? { get set }
    var host: URIHost? { get set }
    var port: UInt? { get set }
    var path: URIPath { get set }
    var query: URIQuery? { get set }
    var fragment: URIFragment? { get set }
    func normalized() -> URI
    var description: String
    init(stringLiteral: String)
    static func == (lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Bool
}

URI.HTTP

Implementation of HTTP URI in accordance with RFC7230, section 2.7.

struct URI.HTTP : URIProtocol {
    init(_ uri: String) throws
    init(_ uri: URI) throws
    init(scheme: URIScheme = "http", userinfo: URIUserinfo? = nil, host: URIHost, port: UInt? = nil, path: URIPath, query: URIQuery? = nil, fragment: URIFragment? = nil) throws
    var scheme: URIScheme { get }
    mutating func set(scheme: URIScheme) throws
    var opaque: String { get }
    var userinfo: URIUserinfo? { get set }
    var host: URIHost { get }
    mutating func set(host: URIHost) throws
    var port: UInt { get set }
    var path: URIPath { get set }
    var query: URIQuery? { get set }
    var fragment: URIFragment? { get set }
    func normalized() -> URI.HTTP
    var description: String
    init(stringLiteral: String)
    static func == (lhs: Self, rhs: Self) -> Bool
}

Components of a URI

URIScheme

struct URIScheme : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    let description: String
    let isNormalized: Bool
    init(_ scheme: String) throws
    func normalized() -> URIScheme
}

URIUserinfo

struct URIUserinfo : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    let description: String
    let isNormalized: Bool
    init(_ userinfo: String) throws
    func normalized() -> URIUserinfo
}

URIHost

struct URIHost : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    let description: String
    let isNormalized: Bool
    init(_ host: String) throws
    func normalized() -> URIHost
}

URIPath

struct URIPath : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, ExpressibleByArrayLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    init(_ path: String) throws
    init(segments: [String], isRootless: Bool = false)
    var description: String { get }
    var segments: [String] { get set }
    var isRootless: Bool { get set }
    var isEmpty: Bool { get }
    func normalized() -> URIPath
}

URIQuery

struct URIQuery : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, ExpressibleByDictionaryLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    init(_ query: String) throws
    init(params: URIQueryParams)
    var description: String { get }
    var params: URIQueryParams { get set }
    func normalized() -> URIQuery
}

struct URIQueryParams : Sequence, ExpressibleByDictionaryLiteral, CustomStringConvertible {
    typealias Element = (name: String, value: String)
    subscript(name: String) -> String? { get set }
    subscript(valuesFor name: String) -> [String] { get set }
    init(_ params: [(name: String, value: String)])
}

URIFragment

struct URIFragment : ExpressibleByStringLiteral, CustomStringConvertible, Equatable {
    var description: String { get }
    init(_ fragment: String) throws
    func normalized() -> URIFragment
}